USING APA FORMAT
5th Edition
Journal Articles from Online Databases
Author, A., Author, B., & Author, C. (Date). Article title. Periodical Title, volume(issue), pages.* Retrieved <Date>, from <Source> database. (other information needed to trace the article should be in parenthesis, such as specific File Name, item number--if applicable)
*Since some online articles do not indicate page numbers, you will not always be able to include them in your citation.
Examples with author:
Carter, W. (1998, August 10). Collective effort. Telephony, 235(6), 66-67. Retrieved January 8, 2001, from ABI/Inform Global database.
Hayes, M. (1998, December 21). Thin clients offer savings—advances promise lower ownership costs, but Microsoft prices remain high. Information Week. Retrieved January 8, 2001, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe database.
Intext citation: (Hayes, 1998)
Example with no author:
Mobile telephones: Wireless war. (2001, January 8). The Economist. Retrieved January 8, 2001, from Factiva database. (Retrieval Item: ECON99008000049)
Intext citation: (Mobile telephones, 2001)
Articles from a Journal's website
Gibson, L. D. (1998, Spring). Defining marketing problems: Don’t spin your wheels solving the wrong puzzle. Marketing Research, 10(1). Retrieved January 18, 2001, from http://www.ama.org/pubs/
Intext citation: (Gibson, 1998)
Note: The article above is from a journal accessible on the Web, not from an online database such as ABI/Inform.
Newspaper Articles and News Wires from Databases
Feldman, A. (1998, December 29). Hitting new heights Internet sales boosting Skymall. Daily News (New York), p. Business 25. Retrieved January 29, 2001, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe database.
Note: There may not be a page number.
Intext citation: (Feldman, 1998)
Financial Reports from Databases
Author. (Date). Document title. Retrieved <Date>, from <Source> (File Name and number--if available--and any other information needed to trace the report)
Examples where the company is the author:
IBM Credit Corp. (1997). Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1997. Retrieved January 8, 2001, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe database.
Texas Instruments. (1999). 1999 Annual Report to Shareholders. Retrieved February 9, 2001, from Factiva database.
Signal Technology Corporation (1999). 10-Q Quarterly Report for the Quarter Ended June 30, 1999. Retrieved January 8, 2001, from Factiva database.
Intext citation: (Signal Technology Corporation, 1999)
Example where the company is not the author:
Disclosure Incorporated. (2001). Disclosure Report on Washington Mutual, Inc. Retrieved September 28, 2001, from Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe database. (Disclo Company Number: W181700000)
Intext citation: (Disclosure Incorporated, 2001)
Company Information from Databases
Hoover's, Inc. (2003). IBM Company Record: Fact Sheet. Retrieved September 28, 2003, from Hoover's online database.
Intext citation: (Hoover's, Inc., 2003)
Market Information from Databases
Euromonitor. (2002). Children's Wear in France (July 2002). Children's Wear Market Size. Retrieved September 27, 2003, from Euromonitor Market Research Monitor online database.
Intext citation: (Euromonitor, 2002)
Entire Web Site
Title of Page. Retrieved <Date>, from <URL>
Example:
Federal Consumer Information Center. Retrieved September 23, 2000, from http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/
Specific Document on a Web Site
These citations will often follow a similar format to that for print with some additions and deletions.
Examples:
Federal Trade Commission. (2001, September 13). Consumer awareness at gasoline pumps urged [News Release]. Retrieved September 28, 2001, from http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2001/09/fyi0146.htm
Intext citation: (Federal Trade Commission, 2001)
DiCarlo, L. (2000, September 22). Forbes 400 richest Americans. Forbes.com. Retrieved September 23, 2000, from Http://www.forbes.com/tool/toolbox/rich400/
Intext citation: (DiCarlo, 2002)
Nike, Inc. (2002). 2002 Annual Report. Retrieved September 26, 2003, from Nike, Inc. web site http://www.nike.com/nikebiz/nikebiz.jhtml?page=17#
Intext citation: (Nike, Inc., 2002)
Note: if there will be more then one reference to a company web page for different documents, identify the document either in the text of the paper or in the intext citation, e.g., (Nike, Inc., 2002 Annual Report).
Industry/Analyst Report from Database (with author)
Meister, A. M. (2003). Truckload Carrier Industry Update. Stifel Nicolaus Industry Report. Retrieved September 27, 2003, from Investext Plus online database.
Intext citation: (Meister, 2003)
Online Abstract (with more than one author)
Note: If you are unable to obtain the full article, instructors may allow use of information from an abstract; however, the citation must indicate the information came from an abstract. Information from abstracts should not be used for material being published.
Mehra, A. & Floyd, S.W. (1998, July-August). Product market heterogeneity, resource imitability and strategic group formation. Journal of Management, 24(4), 511-512. Abstract retrieved August 17, 2000, from Expanded Academic ASAP database.
Intext Citation: (Mehra & Floyd, 1998)
Personal Communications (such as e-mail and interviews)
Data from personal communications is not recoverable by the reader; therefore, personal communications are not included in references. However, they must be cited in text. See pp. 214 of the APA style manual (5th edition) for further information.
NOTE: If you have questions,
please
(1) check with the UWB Writing Center or
(2) consult the APA website for citing electronic sources: http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html
(3) or
consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
(See pages 268-281 on Electronic Media)
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Updated:
04/07/2008